Helium ke ntho ea lik'hemik'hale e nang le letšoao la He le nomoro ea athomo ea 2. Ke khase e sa tloaelehang ea sepakapaka, e se nang mebala, e sa latsoeheng, e sa latsoeheng, e se nang chefo, e sa cheng, e qhibilihang hanyenyane feela metsing. Motsoako oa Helium sepakapakeng ke 5.24 x 10-4 ka peresente ea molumo. E na le lintlha tse tlase tse belisang le tse qhibilihang ho feta ntho efe kapa efe, 'me e fumaneha feela joaloka khase, ntle le tlas'a maemo a batang haholo.

Helium e tsamaisoa haholo-holo e le helium ea khase kapa ea metsi 'me e sebelisoa ho li-reactors tsa nyutlelie, li-semiconductors, lasers, li-bulbs, superconductivity, instrumentation, semiconductors le fiber optics, cryogenic, MRI le lipatlisiso tsa laboratori ea R&D.

Mohloli oa Mocheso o Tlaase oa Mohatsela

Helium e sebelisoa e le sepholi sa cryogenic bakeng sa mehloli ea pholiso ea cryogenic, joalo ka imaging resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, superconducting quantum particle accelerator, the great hadron collider, interferometer (SQUID), electron spin resonance (ESR) le superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), MHD superconducting generator, superconducting sensor, power transmission, maglev transportation, mass spectrometer, superconducting magnet, matla a magnetic field separators, annular field superconducting magnets bakeng sa fusion reactors le lipatlisiso tse ling tsa cryogenic. Helium e pholisa lisebelisoa tsa superconducting tsa cryogenic le limakete ho haufi le zero, ka nako eo khanyetso ea superconductor e theohelang ka tšohanyetso ho zero. Ho hanyetsa ho fokolang haholo ha superconductor ho etsa hore ho be le matla a matla a khoheli. Tabeng ea thepa ea MRI e sebelisoang lipetlele, matla a khoheli a matla a hlahisa lintlha tse eketsehileng litšoantšong tsa radiographic.

Helium e sebelisoa e le sepholi se phahameng haholo hobane helium e na le sebaka se tlase haholo sa ho qhibiliha le ho bela, ha e tiise ka khatello ea sepakapaka le 0 K, 'me helium ha e sebetse ka lik'hemik'hale, e etsa hore ho se khonehe ho sebetsana le lintho tse ling. Ho feta moo, helium e fetoha superfluid ka tlase ho 2.2 Kelvin. Ho fihlela joale, "ultra-mobility" e ikhethang ha e so sebelisoe ts'ebetsong efe kapa efe ea indasteri. Ka mocheso o ka tlase ho 17 Kelvin, ha ho na sebaka sa helium e le sehatsetsi mohloling oa cryogenic.

Aeronautics le Astronautics

Helium e boetse e sebelisoa libalune le likepeng tsa moea. Kaha helium e bobebe ho feta moea, likepe tsa moea le libalune li tletse helium. Helium e na le molemo oa ho se che, le hoja haedrojene e matlafala haholoanyane 'me e na le lebelo le tlase la ho baleha lera. Tšebeliso e 'ngoe ea bobeli ke theknoloji ea rocket, moo helium e sebelisoang e le mokhoa oa tahlehelo ho tlosa mafura le oxidizer ka litanka tsa polokelo le condense hydrogen le oksijene ho etsa mafura a rokete. E ka boela ea sebelisoa ho tlosa mafura le oxidizer lisebelisoa tsa tšehetso tsa fatše pele e qala, 'me e ne e ka khona ho pholile pele ho hydrogen hydrogen sepakapakeng. Ka roketeng ea Saturn V e sebelisitsoeng lenaneong la Apollo, hoo e ka bang 370,000 cubic metres (13 million cubic feet) ea helium e ne e hlokahala ho qala.

Tlhahlobo ea Phaello ea Phaello ea Phaephe le ho Fumana

Tšebeliso e 'ngoe ea indasteri ea helium ke ho lemoha ho lutla. Ho lemoha ha dutla ho sebelisoa ho bona ho lutla litsamaisong tse nang le maro le likhase. Hobane helium e hasana ka lintho tse tiileng ka makhetlo a mararo ho feta moea, e sebelisoa e le khase ea tracer ho lemoha ho lutla ha thepa e phahameng ea vacuum (e kang litanka tsa cryogenic) le likepe tse nang le khatello e phahameng. Ntho eo e kenngoa ka kamoreng, e ntan'o ntšoa 'me e tlatsoa ka helium. Le maemong a ho dutla a tlase ho 10-9 mbar•L/s (10-10 Pa•m3 / s), helium e phonyohang ho dutla e ka fumanwa ka sesebediswa se hlokolosi (helium mass spectrometer). Mokhoa oa ho lekanya hangata ke oa boiketsetso mme o bitsoa tlhahlobo ea ho kopanya ea helium. Mokhoa o mong, o bonolo, ke oa ho tlatsa ntho eo ho buuoang ka eona ka helium le ho batla ka letsoho ho lutla ho sebelisa sesebelisoa se tšoaroang ka letsoho.

Helium e sebelisetsoa ho lemoha ho lutla hobane ke molek'hule e nyane ka ho fetisisa ebile ke molek'hule oa monatomic, kahoo helium e lutla habonolo. Khase ea Helium e tlatsoa ka har'a ntho nakong ea ho lemoha ho lutla, 'me haeba ho lutla ho etsahala, spectrometer ea boima ba helium e tla khona ho bona sebaka seo ho lutlang ho sona. Helium e ka sebelisoa ho bona ho lutla ha lirokete, litanka tsa mafura, li-exchanger tsa mocheso, likhoele tsa khase, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, li-tubes tsa TELEVISION le likarolo tse ling tsa tlhahiso. Ho lemoha ho lutla ho sebelisa helium ho ile ha sebelisoa ka lekhetlo la pele nakong ea morero oa Manhattan ho bona ho lutla ha limela tse matlafatsang uranium. Helium ea ho lemoha ha e lutla e ka nkeloa sebaka ke hydrogen, nitrogen, kapa motsoako oa hydrogen le nitrogen.

Welding le Metal Working

Khase ea Helium e sebelisoa e le khase e sireletsang ho arc welding le plasma arc welding ka lebaka la matla a eona a phahameng a ionization ho feta liathomo tse ling. Khase ea Helium e pota-potileng weld e thibela tšepe ho tsoa ho oxidizing sebakeng se qhibilihisitsoeng. Matla a phahameng a ionization a helium a lumella plasma arc welding ea litšepe tse sa tšoaneng tse sebelisoang ho haha, kaho ea likepe, le sebaka sa lifofane, tse kang titanium, zirconium, magnesium le alloys ea aluminium. Le hoja helium ka khase e sireletsang e ka nkeloa sebaka ke argon kapa hydrogen, lisebelisoa tse ling (tse kang titanium helium) li ke ke tsa nkeloa sebaka bakeng sa ho cheselletsa plasma arc. Hobane helium ke eona feela khase e bolokehileng mochesong o phahameng.

E 'ngoe ea libaka tse sebetsang ka ho fetisisa tsa nts'etsopele ke ts'ebeliso ea tšepe e sa hloekang. Helium ke khase e sa sebetseng, e bolelang hore ha e kopane le lik'hemik'hale leha e le life ha e pepesetsoa lintho tse ling. Tšobotsi ena ke ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha likhase tse sireletsang li-welding.

Helium e boetse e tsamaisa mocheso hantle. Ke ka lebaka lena e atisang ho sebelisoa ka li-welds moo ho kenngoa mocheso o phahameng ho hlokahalang ho ntlafatsa mongobo oa weld. Helium e boetse e na le thuso bakeng sa ho potlaka.

Helium hangata e kopantsoe le argon ka bongata bo fapaneng motsoakong oa khase e sireletsang ho nka monyetla ka botlalo ba thepa e ntle ea likhase tse peli. Ka mohlala, helium e sebetsa e le khase e sireletsang ho thusa ho fana ka mekhoa e pharaletseng le e sa tebang ea ho kenella nakong ea ho cheselletsa. Empa helium ha e fane ka tlhoekiso eo argon e e etsang.

Ka lebaka leo, bahlahisi ba tšepe hangata ba nka ho kopanya argon le helium e le karolo ea ts'ebetso ea bona ea ho sebetsa. Bakeng sa tjheseletsa ea tšepe e sirelelitsoeng ka khase, helium e ka 'na ea e-ba 25% ho isa ho 75% ea motsoako oa khase motsoako oa helium / argon. Ka ho fetola sebopeho sa motsoako o sireletsang khase, welder e ka susumetsa kabo ea mocheso ea weld, e leng eona e amang sebopeho sa karolo ea sefapano sa tšepe ea weld le lebelo la ho cheselletsa.

Indasteri ea elektroniki ea semiconductor

Joaloka khase e sa sebetseng, helium e tsitsitse hoo e batlang e sa sebetsane le likarolo tse ling. Thepa ena e etsa hore e sebelisoe e le thebe ho arc welding (ho thibela tšilafalo ea oksijene moeeng). Helium e boetse e na le lits'ebetso tse ling tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka li-semiconductors le tlhahiso ea fiber optical. Ho feta moo, e ka nkela naetrojene sebakeng sa ho qoela ka botebo ho thibela ho hlaha ha lipululana tsa naetrojene maling, kahoo ho thibela ho kula.

Bolumo ea Thekiso ea Helium ea Lefatše (2016-2027)

Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa helium o fihlile ho rona $ 1825.37 milione ka 2020 mme e lebelletsoe ho fihla ho US $ 2742.04 milione ka 2027, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo (CAGR) ea 5.65% (2021-2027). Indasteri e na le ho hloka botsitso ho hoholo lilemong tse tlang. Lintlha tsa ponelopele ea 2021-2027 pampiring ena li thehiloe ho nts'etsopele ea nalane ea lilemo tse 'maloa tse fetileng, maikutlo a litsebi tsa indasteri le maikutlo a bahlahlobisisi pampiring ena.

Indasteri ea helium e tsepamisitsoe haholo, e tsoa mehloling ea tlhaho, 'me e na le baetsi ba lefats'e ba fokolang, haholo-holo United States, Russia, Qatar le Algeria. Lefatšeng, lekala la bareki le tsepamisitsoe United States, Chaena le Europe joalo-joalo. United States e na le nalane e telele le boemo bo sa sisinyeheng indastering.

Likhamphani tse ngata li na le lifeme tse 'maloa, empa hangata ha li haufi le mebaraka ea tsona ea bareki. Ka hona, sehlahisoa se na le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa lipalangoang.

Ho tloha lilemong tse hlano tsa pele, tlhahiso e ntse e hōla butle haholo. Helium ke mohloli oa matla o ke keng oa tsosolosoa, 'me maano a teng linaheng tse hlahisang lihlahisoa ho netefatsa hore e tsoela pele ho sebelisoa. Ba bang ba bolela esale pele hore helium e tla fela nakong e tlang.

Indasteri e na le karolo e phahameng ea thepa e tsoang kantle ho naha le kantle ho naha. Hoo e ka bang linaha tsohle li sebelisa helium, empa ke tse seng kae feela tse nang le mehloli ea helium.

Helium e na le mefuta e mengata ea tšebeliso 'me e tla fumaneha libakeng tse ngata le ho feta. Ka lebaka la khaello ea lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho, tlhokahalo ea helium e ka 'na ea eketseha nakong e tlang, e hlokang mekhoa e meng e nepahetseng. Litheko tsa Helium li lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele ho nyoloha ho tloha 2021 ho ea ho 2026, ho tloha ho $ 13.53 / m3 (2020) ho ea ho $ 19.09 / m3 (2027).

Indasteri e angoa ke moruo le maano. Ha moruo oa lefats'e o ntse o ntlafala, batho ba bangata ba tšoenyehile ka ho ntlafatsa maemo a tikoloho, haholo-holo libakeng tse sa tsoelang pele tse nang le baahi ba bangata le kholo ea moruo e potlakileng, tlhoko ea helium e tla eketseha.

Hona joale, lihlahisoa tse kholo tsa lefats'e li kenyelletsa Rasgas, Linde Group, Air Chemical, ExxonMobil, Air Liquide (Dz) le Gazprom (Ru), joalo-joalo Ka 2020, karolo ea thekiso ea baetsi ba Top 6 e tla feta 74%. Ho lebelletsoe hore tlholisano ea indasteri e tla ba matla le ho feta lilemong tse 'maloa tse tlang.

Lisebelisoa tsa HL Cryogenic

Ka lebaka la khaello ea lisebelisoa tsa helium ea metsi le theko e ntseng e phahama, ho bohlokoa ho fokotsa tahlehelo le ho hlaphoheloa ha helium ea mokelikeli ts'ebelisong ea eona le ts'ebetsong ea lipalangoang.

HL Cryogenic Equipment e thehiloeng ka 1992 ke lets'oao le ikopantseng le HL Cryogenic Equipment Company Cryogenic Equipment Co.,Ltd. HL Cryogenic Equipment e ikemiseditse ho rala le ho etswa ha High Vacuum Insulated Cryogenic Piping System le Thepa e amanang le Tshehetso ho finyella ditlhoko tse fapaneng tsa bareki. The Vacuum Insulated Pipe le Flexible Hose li hahiloe ka har'a vacuum e phahameng le e nang le li-multi-layer tse khethehileng tse sirelelitsoeng ka lisebelisoa tse ngata, 'me li feta letotong la liphekolo tse thata haholo tsa tekheniki le kalafo e phahameng ea vacuum, e sebelisetsoang ho fetisa oksijene ea metsi, naetrojene ea metsi. , liquid argon, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, liquefied ethylene gas LEG le liquefied nature gas LNG.

Letoto la lihlahisoa tsa Vacuum Jacketed Pipe, Vacuum Jacketed Valve, Vacuum Jacketed Valve, le Phase Separator ho HL Cryogenic Equipment Company, e fetileng letotong la kalafo e thata haholo ea tekheniki, e sebelisoa bakeng sa phetisetso ea oksijene ea metsi, naetrojene ea metsi, argon ea metsi, haedrojene ea metsi, helium ea metsi, LEG le LNG, 'me lihlahisoa tsena li sebeletsa lisebelisoa tsa cryogenic (mohlala, litanka tsa cryogenic, dewars le coldboxes joalo-joalo) indastering ea karohano ea moea, likhase, lifofane, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, superconductor, chips, kopano ea boiketsetso, lijo & seno, k'hemisteng, sepetlele, biobank, rabara, thepa e ncha ea boenjiniere ba lik'hemik'hale, tšepe & tšepe, le lipatlisiso tsa saense joalo-joalo.

Khamphani ea HL Cryogenic Equipment e fetohile morekisi / morekisi ea tšoanelehang oa Linde, Air Liquide, Air Products (AP), Praxair, Messer, BOC, Iwatani, le Hangzhou Oxygen Plant Group (Hangyang) joalo-joalo.