Letoto la Liphaephe tse Kenngoeng ka Mocheso tsa OEM Cryogenic
Theknoloji ea ho Thibela ho Sireletsa e Seholo bakeng sa Litšebeliso tsa Cryogenic: Letoto la rona la Liphaephe tse Sireletsang tsa OEM Cryogenic le entsoe ka theknoloji ea ho thibela ho sireletsa e sejoale-joale, e netefatsang ts'ebetso e tšepahalang le e sebetsang hantle libakeng tse sirelletsang ho sireletsa. Litšobotsi tse tsoetseng pele tsa ho thibela ho sireletsa li boloka mocheso o motle, li fokotsa phetisetso ea mocheso le ho boloka botšepehi ba thepa e tsamaisoang. Sena se etsa hore liphaephe tsa rona e be karolo ea bohlokoa bakeng sa liindasteri tse sebetsang maemong a mocheso o tlase haholo.
Litlhophiso tsa Liphaephe tse ka Iketsetsoang ho Lokela Litlhoko tse Fapaneng tsa Liindasteri: Rea utloisisa hore lits'ebetso tse fapaneng tsa indasteri li na le litlhoko tse ikhethang, ke ka lebaka leo Liphaephe tsa rona tsa OEM Cryogenic Insulated li fumanehang ka litlhophiso tse ka fetoloang. Sena se kenyelletsa likhetho tsa bophara bo fapaneng, thepa ea ho kenya mocheso, le mefuta ea ho kenya mocheso, e leng se lumellang bareki ba rona ho etsa liphaephe ho latela litlhoko tsa bona tse ikhethileng tsa indasteri. Ho tenyetseha ha rona ho fihlela litlhoko tse fapaneng ho re khetholla re le mofani ea arabelang le ea shebaneng le bareki indastering.
E entsoe Setsing sa Rona sa Sejoale-joale ka ho Tsepamisa Maikutlo ho Nepahetseng le Taolong ea Boleng: Letoto la Liphaephe tse Insulated tsa OEM Cryogenic tsa OEM le etsoa setsing sa rona sa sejoale-joale, moo lits'ebetso tse tsoetseng pele tsa tlhahiso le mehato e thata ea taolo ea boleng li kenngoang tšebetsong. Sehlopha sa rona se inehetse ho netefatsa hore phaephe e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e fihlela maemo a holimo a ho nepahala, ts'ebetso le ho tšoarella. Ka ho beha boleng le ho nepahala pele lits'ebetsong tsa rona tsa tlhahiso, re lula re fana ka liphaephe tse fetang litekanyetso tsa indasteri.
Video
Liphaephe tse Kenngoeng ka Vacuum
Pipe e Sirelelitsoeng ka Vacuum (VI Piping), e leng Pipe e Koetsoeng ka Vacuum (VJ Piping), e le sebaka se phethahetseng sa ho kenya liphaephe ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Ha ho bapisoa le ho kenya liphaephe ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, boleng ba ho lutla ha mocheso ba VIP ke makhetlo a 0.05 ~ 0.035 feela a ho kenya liphaephe ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Boloka matla le litšenyehelo haholo bakeng sa bareki.
Letoto la dihlahiswa tsa Vacuum Jacketed Pipe, Vacuum Jacketed Hose, Vacuum Jacketed Valve, le Phase Separator ho HL Cryogenic Equipment Company, tse fetileng letotong la dikalafo tse thata haholo tsa botekgeniki, di sebedisetswa ho fetisetsa oksijene e metsi, naetrojene e metsi, argon e metsi, haeterojene e metsi, helium e metsi, LEG le LNG, mme dihlahiswa tsena di sebeletswa bakeng sa disebediswa tsa cryogenic (mohlala, ditanka tsa cryogenic, di-dewar le di-coldbox jj.) diindastering tsa karohano ya moya, dikhase, difofane, di-elektroniki, superconductor, di-chips, kopano ya othomathiki, dijo le dino, khemisi, sepetlele, biobank, rabara, tlhahiso e ntjha ya disebediswa tsa boenjiniere ba dikhemikhale, tshepe le tshepe, le dipatlisiso tsa mahlale jj.
Mefuta e meraro ea khokahano ea liphaephe tsa VI
Mefuta e meraro ea khokahano mona e sebetsa feela maemong a khokahano lipakeng tsa liphaephe tsa VI. Ha VI Pipe e hokahana le lisebelisoa, tanka ea polokelo le tse ling, khokahano e ka fetoloa ho latela litlhoko tsa bareki.
E le ho eketsa litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa bareki, Pipe ea Vacuum Insulated e hlahisitse mefuta e meraro ea khokahano, e leng Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-clamp, Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolt le Mofuta oa Khokahano e Welded. Li na le melemo e fapaneng 'me li loketse maemo a fapaneng a mosebetsi.
Sebaka sa Ts'ebeliso
| VMofuta oa Khokahano ea Bayonet ea acuum e nang le Li-clamp | Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolts | Mofuta oa Khokahano e Welded | |
| Mofuta oa Khokahano | Li-clamp | Li-Flanges le Li-Bolt | Ho tjheseletsa |
| Mofuta oa ho kenya mocheso manonyeletsong | Hloekisa ka lephaka | Hloekisa ka lephaka | Perlite kapa Vacuum |
| Kalafo e Thibetsoeng Sebakeng Seo | No | No | E, perlite e tlatsitsoeng ka hare kapa e pompe ka vacuum ho tsoa Matsohong a Insulated manonyellong. |
| Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare | DN10(3/8")~DN25(1") | DN10(3/8")~DN80(3") | DN10(3/8")~DN500(20") |
| Khatello ea Moralo | ≤8 bare | ≤16 bare | ≤64 bare |
| Ho kenya | Bonolo | Bonolo | Ho tjheseletsa |
| Mocheso oa Moralo | -196℃~ 90℃ (LH2 & LHe:-270℃ ~ 90℃) | ||
| Bolelele | 1 ~ 8.2 mithara/likhomphutha | ||
| Thepa | Tšepe e sa Hlakeng ea Letoto la 300 | ||
| Mahareng | LN2, LOX, LAr, LHe, LH2, LEOTO, LNG | ||
Sekhahla sa Phepelo ea Sehlahisoa
| Sehlahisoa | Tlhaloso | Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet ka Li-Clamps | Khokahano ea Bayonet ea Vacuum ka Li-Flanges le Li-Bolts | Khokahano ea ho kenya mocheso oa weld |
| Pipe e Kenngoeng ka Letsoho | DN8 | EE | EE | EE |
| DN15 | EE | EE | EE | |
| DN20 | EE | EE | EE | |
| DN25 | EE | EE | EE | |
| DN32 | / | EE | EE | |
| DN40 | / | EE | EE | |
| DN50 | / | EE | EE | |
| DN65 | / | EE | EE | |
| DN80 | / | EE | EE | |
| DN100 | / | / | EE | |
| DN125 | / | / | EE | |
| DN150 | / | / | EE | |
| DN200 | / | / | EE | |
| DN250 | / | / | EE | |
| DN300 | / | / | EE | |
| DN400 | / | / | EE | |
| DN500 | / | / | EE |
Tšobotsi ea Tekheniki
| Khatello ea Moralo oa Compensator | ≥4.0MPa |
| Mocheso oa Moralo | -196C~90℃ (LH2& LHe: -270~90℃) |
| Mocheso o Tikolohang | -50~90℃ |
| Sekhahla sa ho Dutla ha Vacuum | ≤1*10-10Pa*m3/S |
| Boemo ba Vacuum kamora Tiisetso | ≤0.1 Pa |
| Mokhoa oa ho kenya mocheso | Ho Sireletsa ka Vacuum e Phahameng ka Mekhahlelo e Mengata. |
| Adsorbent le Getter | E |
| NDE | Tlhahlobo ea X-ray ea 100% |
| Khatello ea Teko | Khatello ea Moralo oa 1.15 Times |
| Mahareng | LO2LN2、LAr、LH2、LHe、LEOTO、LNG |
Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng ka Letsoho le Matla le sa Fetoheng
Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Insulated ka Vacuum (VI) e ka aroloa ka Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Matla le tse sa Fetoheng tsa VI.
lPiping ea Static VI e phethiloe ka botlalo fekthering ea tlhahiso.
lPhaephe ea Dynamic VI e fuoa boemo bo tsitsitseng ba vacuum ka ho pompa sistimi ea pompo ea vacuum e tsoelang pele sebakeng seo, 'me karolo e setseng ea kopano le kalafo ea ts'ebetso e ntse e le fekthering ea tlhahiso.
| Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng ka Vacuum e Matla | Sistimi ea Piping ea Letsoho le sa Fetoheng ea Vacuum | |
| Selelekela | Tekanyo ea vacuum ea vacuum interlayer e hlahlojoa khafetsa, 'me pompo ea vacuum e laoloa ka bo eona ho bula le ho koala, ho netefatsa botsitso le katleho ea tekanyo ea vacuum | VJPs e phethela mosebetsi oa ho thibela ho ruruha ha vacuum fekthering ea tlhahiso. |
| Melemo | Ho boloka lephaka ho tsitsitse haholoanyane, ha e le hantle ho felisa tlhokomelo ea lephaka nakong e tlang. | Matsete a theko e tlaase le ho kenya lintho habonolo sebakeng seo |
| Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Clamps | E sebetsang | E sebetsang |
| Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolts | E sebetsang | E sebetsang |
| Mofuta oa Khokahano e Welded | E sebetsang | E sebetsang |
Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng ka Vacuum e Matla: E entsoe ka Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng ka Vacuum, Liphaephe tsa Jumper le Sistimi ea Liphaephe tsa Vacuum (ho kenyeletsoa lipompo tsa vacuum, li-valve tsa solenoid le li-gauge tsa vacuum).
Tlhaloso le Mohlala
HL-PX-X-000-00-X
Letšoao
Lisebelisoa tsa HL Cryogenic
Tlhaloso
PD: Phaephe ea VI e Matla
PS: Phaephe ea VI e sa Fetoheng
Mofuta oa Khokahano
W: Mofuta o Welded
B: Mofuta oa Bayonet ea Vacuum e nang le Li-clamp
F: Mofuta oa Bayonet ea Vacuum e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolt
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare
010: DN10
…
080: DN80
…
500: DN500
Khatello ea Moralo
08: 8bar
16: 16bar
25: 25bar
32: 32bar
40: 40bar
Lintho tse bonahalang tsa Pipe ea ka Hare
A: SS304
B: SS304L
C: SS316
D: SS316L
E: Tse ling
Sistimi ea Piping ea Letsoho le sa Fetoheng ea Vacuum
| Model | KhokahanoMofuta | Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare | Khatello ea Moralo | Thepaea Phaephe ea ka Hare | E tloaelehileng | Tlhaloso |
| HLPSB01008X | Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Clamps bakeng sa Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng tsa Vacuum e sa Fetoheng | DN10, 3/8" | Bara ea 8
| Tšepe e sa Hlakeng ea Letoto la 300 | ASME B31.3 | X: Thepa ea Pipe ea ka Hare. A ke 304, B ke 304L, C ke 316, D ke 316L, E ke e 'ngoe. |
| HLPSB01508X | DN15, 1/2" | |||||
| HLPSB02008X | DN20, 3/4" | |||||
| HLPSB02508X | DN25, 1" |
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare:E khothaletsoang ≤ DN25 kapa 1". Kapa e khetha Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolts (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN80, 3"), Mofuta oa Khokahano e Welded VIP (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN500, 20")
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea Kantle:E khothaletsoa ke Maemo a Khoebo a HL Cryogenic Equipment. E ka boela ea hlahisoa ho latela tlhoko ea moreki.
Khatello ea Moralo: E kgothaletswa ≤ bara e 8. Kapa o kgetha Mofuta wa Kgokelo ya Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Di-Flanges le Dibolt (≤bara e 16), Mofuta wa Kgokelo e Welded (≤bara e 64)
Thepa ea Phaephe ea Kantle: Ntle le tlhoko e khethehileng, thepa ea phala ea ka hare le phala ea kantle e tla khethoa ka tsela e tšoanang.
| Model | KhokahanoMofuta | Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare | Khatello ea Moralo | Thepaea Phaephe ea ka Hare | E tloaelehileng | Tlhaloso |
| HLPSF01000X | Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolts bakeng sa Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng tsa Vacuum e sa Feleng | DN10, 3/8" | Bara ea 8~16 | Tšepe e sa Hlakeng ea Letoto la 300 | ASME B31.3 | 00: Khatello ea Moralo. 08 ke 8bar, 16 ke 16bar.
X: Thepa ea Pipe ea ka Hare. A ke 304, B ke 304L, C ke 316, D ke 316L, E ke e 'ngoe. |
| HLPSF01500X | DN15, 1/2" | |||||
| HLPSF02000X | DN20, 3/4" | |||||
| HLPSF02500X | DN25, 1" | |||||
| HLPSF03200X | DN32, 1-1/4" | |||||
| HLPSF04000X | DN40, 1-1/2" | |||||
| HLPSF05000X | DN50, 2" | |||||
| HLPSF06500X | DN65, 2-1/2" | |||||
| HLPSF08000X | DN80, 3" |
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare:E kgothaletswang ≤ DN80 kapa 3". Kapa e kgetha Mofuta wa Kgokelo e Welded (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN500, 20"), Mofuta wa Kgokelo ya Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Di-Clamps (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN25, 1").
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea Kantle:E khothaletsoa ke Maemo a Khoebo a HL Cryogenic Equipment. E ka boela ea hlahisoa ho latela tlhoko ea moreki.
Khatello ea Moralo: E kgothaletswang ≤ bare ya 16. Kapa e kgetha Mofuta wa Kgokelo e Welded (bare ya ≤64).
Thepa ea Phaephe ea Kantle: Ntle le tlhoko e khethehileng, thepa ea phala ea ka hare le phala ea kantle e tla khethoa ka tsela e tšoanang.
| Model | KhokahanoMofuta | Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare | Khatello ea Moralo | Thepaea Phaephe ea ka Hare | E tloaelehileng | Tlhaloso |
| HLPSW01000X | Mofuta oa Khokahano e Welded bakeng sa Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng tsa Vacuum e sa Fetoheng | DN10, 3/8" | 8~64 bare | Tšepe e sa Hlakeng ea Letoto la 300 | ASME B31.3 | 00: Khatello ea Moralo 08 ke 8bar, 16 ke 16bar, le 25, 32, 40, 64.
X: Thepa ea Pipe ea ka Hare. A ke 304, B ke 304L, C ke 316, D ke 316L, E ke e 'ngoe. |
| HLPSW01500X | DN15, 1/2" | |||||
| HLPSW02000X | DN20, 3/4" | |||||
| HLPSW02500X | DN25, 1" | |||||
| HLPSW03200X | DN32, 1-1/4" | |||||
| HLPSW04000X | DN40, 1-1/2" | |||||
| HLPSW05000X | DN50, 2" | |||||
| HLPSW06500X | DN65, 2-1/2" | |||||
| HLPSW08000X | DN80, 3" | |||||
| HLPSW10000X | DN100, 4" | |||||
| HLPSW12500X | DN125, 5" | |||||
| HLPSW15000X | DN150, 6" | |||||
| HLPSW20000X | DN200, 8" | |||||
| HLPSW25000X | DN250, 10" | |||||
| HLPSW30000X | DN300, 12" | |||||
| HLPSW35000X | DN350, 14" | |||||
| HLPSW40000X | DN400, 16" | |||||
| HLPSW45000X | DN450, 18" | |||||
| HLPSW50000X | DN500, 20" |
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea Kantle:E khothaletsoa ke Maemo a Khoebo a HL Cryogenic Equipment. E ka boela ea hlahisoa ho latela tlhoko ea moreki.
Thepa ea Phaephe ea Kantle: Ntle le tlhoko e khethehileng, thepa ea phala ea ka hare le phala ea kantle e tla khethoa ka tsela e tšoanang.
Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng ka Vacuum e Matla
| Model | KhokahanoMofuta | Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare | Khatello ea Moralo | Thepaea Phaephe ea ka Hare | E tloaelehileng | Tlhaloso |
| HLPDB01008X | Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Clamps bakeng sa Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng tsa Vacuum e sa Fetoheng | DN10, 3/8" | Bara ea 8 | Tšepe e sa Hlakeng ea Letoto la 300 | ASME B31.3 | X:Thepa ea Pipe ea ka Hare. A ke 304, B ke 304L, C ke 316, D ke 316L, E ke e 'ngoe. |
| HLPDB01508X | DN15, 1/2" | |||||
| HLPDB02008X | DN20, 3/4" | |||||
| HLPDB02508X | DN25, 1" |
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare:E khothaletsoang ≤ DN25 kapa 1". Kapa e khetha Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolts (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN80, 3"), Mofuta oa Khokahano e Welded VIP (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN500, 20")
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea Kantle:E khothaletsoa ke Maemo a Khoebo a HL Cryogenic Equipment. E ka boela ea hlahisoa ho latela tlhoko ea moreki.
Khatello ea Moralo: E kgothaletswa ≤ bara e 8. Kapa o kgetha Mofuta wa Kgokelo ya Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Di-Flanges le Dibolt (≤bara e 16), Mofuta wa Kgokelo e Welded (≤bara e 64)
Thepa ea Phaephe ea Kantle: Ntle le tlhoko e khethehileng, thepa ea phala ea ka hare le phala ea kantle e tla khethoa ka tsela e tšoanang.
Boemo ba Matla:Sebaka se hloka ho fana ka motlakase ho lipompo tsa vacuum le ho tsebisa HL Cryogenic Equipment tlhahisoleseling ea motlakase oa lehae (Voltage le Hertz)
| Model | KhokahanoMofuta | Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare | Khatello ea Moralo | Thepaea Phaephe ea ka Hare | E tloaelehileng | Tlhaloso |
| HLPDF01000X | Mofuta oa Khokahano ea Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Li-Flanges le Li-Bolts bakeng sa Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Sirelelitsoeng tsa Vacuum e sa Feleng | DN10, 3/8" | Bara ea 8~16 | Tšepe e sa Hlakeng ea Letoto la 300 | ASME B31.3 | 00: Khatello ea Moralo. 08 ke 8bar, 16 ke 16bar.
X: Thepa ea Pipe ea ka Hare. A ke 304, B ke 304L, C ke 316, D ke 316L, E ke e 'ngoe. |
| HLPDF01500X | DN15, 1/2" | |||||
| HLPDF02000X | DN20, 3/4" | |||||
| HLPDF02500X | DN25, 1" | |||||
| HLPDF03200X | DN32, 1-1/4" | |||||
| HLPDF04000X | DN40, 1-1/2" | |||||
| HLPDF05000X | DN50, 2" | |||||
| HLPDF06500X | DN65, 2-1/2" | |||||
| HLPDF08000X | DN80, 3" |
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare:E kgothaletswang ≤ DN80 kapa 3". Kapa e kgetha Mofuta wa Kgokelo e Welded (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN500, 20"), Mofuta wa Kgokelo ya Vacuum Bayonet e nang le Di-Clamps (ho tloha ho DN10, 3/8" ho isa ho DN25, 1").
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea Kantle:E khothaletsoa ke Maemo a Khoebo a HL Cryogenic Equipment. E ka boela ea hlahisoa ho latela tlhoko ea moreki.
Khatello ea Moralo: E kgothaletswang ≤ bare ya 16. Kapa e kgetha Mofuta wa Kgokelo e Welded (bare ya ≤64).
Thepa ea Phaephe ea Kantle: Ntle le tlhoko e khethehileng, thepa ea phala ea ka hare le phala ea kantle e tla khethoa ka tsela e tšoanang.
Boemo ba Matla:Sebaka se hloka ho fana ka motlakase ho lipompo tsa vacuum le ho tsebisa HL Cryogenic Equipment tlhahisoleseling ea motlakase oa lehae (Voltage le Hertz)
| Model | KhokahanoMofuta | Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea ka Hare | Khatello ea Moralo | Thepaea Phaephe ea ka Hare | E tloaelehileng | Tlhaloso |
| HLPDW01000X | Mofuta oa Khokahano e Welded bakeng sa Sistimi ea Liphaephe tse Insulated tsa Vacuum tse Matla | DN10, 3/8" | 8~64 bare | Tšepe e sa Ruseng 304, 304L, 316, 316L | ASME B31.3 | 00: Khatello ea Moralo 08 ke 8bar, 16 ke 16bar, le 25, 32, 40, 64. .
X: Thepa ea Pipe ea ka Hare. A ke 304, B ke 304L, C ke 316, D ke 316L, E ke e 'ngoe. |
| HLPDW01500X | DN15, 1/2" | |||||
| HLPDW02000X | DN20, 3/4" | |||||
| HLPDW02500X | DN25, 1" | |||||
| HLPDW03200X | DN32, 1-1/4" | |||||
| HLPDW04000X | DN40, 1-1/2" | |||||
| HLPDW05000X | DN50, 2" | |||||
| HLPDW06500X | DN65, 2-1/2" | |||||
| HLPDW08000X | DN80, 3" | |||||
| HLPDW10000X | DN100, 4" | |||||
| HLPDW12500X | DN125, 5" | |||||
| HLPDW15000X | DN150, 6" | |||||
| HLPDW20000X | DN200, 8" | |||||
| HLPDW25000X | DN250, 10" | |||||
| HLPDW30000X | DN300, 12" | |||||
| HLPDW35000X | DN350, 14" | |||||
| HLPDW40000X | DN400, 16" | |||||
| HLPDW45000X | DN450, 18" | |||||
| HLPDW50000X | DN500, 20" |
Bophara ba lebitso la Pipe ea Kantle:E khothaletsoa ke Maemo a Khoebo a HL Cryogenic Equipment. E ka boela ea hlahisoa ho latela tlhoko ea moreki.
Thepa ea Phaephe ea Kantle: Ntle le tlhoko e khethehileng, thepa ea phala ea ka hare le phala ea kantle e tla khethoa ka tsela e tšoanang.
Boemo ba Matla:Sebaka se hloka ho fana ka motlakase ho lipompo tsa vacuum le ho tsebisa HL Cryogenic Equipment tlhahisoleseling ea motlakase oa lehae (Voltage le Hertz)











